Fly fishing for trout in rivers and streams requires a good understanding of where trout are most likely to be found. By focusing on specific areas known as hotspots, you can increase your chance of a successful catch.

Sight Fishing

When you first approach a trout river, take a moment to observe. Look for signs of trout feeding, such as rising fish or movements in the water. Using polarized sunglasses can help you spot trout more effectively. It's crucial to check the water before stepping in, as you might inadvertently spook feeding fish​​. 

The most common mistake is only observing for a minute or so. Sit down, take 5-10 minutes, enjoy the view and nature, and observe for a while before you take your next step.

Deep Pools

Trout prefer water depths between six inches and six feet. Deep pools in rivers create an ideal habitat for trout, offering both hiding spots and feeding opportunities. These pools vary in size and can house a single trout or hundreds. Don't overlook the areas around these pools, especially where slower water meets the pool's entry​​.

Bank Fishing

Rivers with fast currents or significant depths offer excellent trout cover along the banks. Overhanging banks and trees provide shelter from predators and a source of food as terrestrial insects fall into the water. Fish near protruding landforms and man-made structures along the banks, as these can create ideal trout habitats​​.

Changes in Current

Trout favor areas where they can access current without expending much energy. Look for spots where shallow water meets deep water or where fast water meets slow. Trout often feed in slower water but dart into faster currents for food. Fishing just on the edge of these current changes can be very effective​​.

Big Rocks

Large rocks in the stream create natural shelters for trout. These fish tend to hold both in front of and behind these rocks, using the slower water as a resting spot before darting out to feed. Pay attention to both submerged and visible rocks as potential trout hotspots​​.

Slicks

In fast-moving rivers with rocks, look for slicks – areas where the water appears smoother. These often indicate the presence of a submerged rock or pool, making them attractive to trout​​.

Tree Trunks and Undercuts

Large, stable tree trunks provide excellent cover for trout. Undercut banks formed by the current are also prime spots for trout, offering protection, slower water, and food access. Fishing near these areas, especially with flies or nymphs, can be very productive​​​​.

River Bends and Seams

The bends in a river and the seams where currents meet are hotspots for trout. The inside curve of a bend often holds more fish due to the contrast in water speeds and the formation of eddies. Fishing in these areas requires a strategic approach, casting upstream and targeting the faster side of the current seam​​.

Riffles and Weeds

Riffles are indicative of oxygen-rich water, making them attractive to trout, especially during warmer conditions. In rivers with aquatic weeds, such as spring creeks or tailwaters, trout are often found in channels between weed beds. These areas require careful observation and precise casting​​.

Temperature Considerations

Trout thrive in water temperatures between 34 degrees Fahrenheit / 1 degrees Celcius and 70 degrees Fahrenheit / 21 degrees Celcius, with optimum feeding occurring between 45 degrees F  / 7 degrees Celcius to 64 degrees Fahrenheit / 18 degrees Celcius. Water temperature varies throughout a river, so consider the time of day and weather conditions when choosing where to fish​​.

Drop-Offs

Drop-offs adjacent to shallow water are highly attractive to trout. They provide slower moving water and cover, essential for trout survival and feeding. Large stretches of shallow water increase the appeal of adjacent drop-offs​​.

Additional Hotspots in Specific Stream Conditions

In fast-flowing streams, look for micro pockets such as rocks and eddies. Eddies, in particular, provide a backwash where food accumulates and trout can hold position with minimal effort​​. Downed trees and woody snags in creeks offer overhead cover and deep holes, crucial for large trout​​. Streamside trees with their root systems create undercuts next to fast water, ideal for trout to rest and feed​​.